Parsing the antidepressant effects of non-invasive brain stimulation and pharmacotherapy: A symptom clustering approach on ELECT-TDCS
Goerigk et. al, 2021. Brain Stimulation.
- Randomized clinical study with antidepressant-free, clinically depressed patients to receive 22 bifrontal tDCS (2 mA, 30 min) sessions, escitalopram 20 mg/day, or placebo over 10 weeks.
- Agglomerative hierarchical clustering identified “sleep/insomnia”, “core depressive”, “guilt/anxiety”, and “atypical” clusters that were the dependent measure.
- Active treatments were both superior to placebo in core depressive but not atypical symptoms.
- Escitalopram but not tDCS was superior to placebo in improving guilt/anxiety symptoms.
- TDCS but not escitalopram was superior to placebo in improving sleep/insomnia symptoms.